Public Health Pre-Weeding Test 2 (Paper 2) General Quizzes Abdulazeez Badmus December 22, 2025 0 comments Public Health Pre-Weeding Test 2 (Paper 2) /250 0 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250 Public Health Pre-Weeding Test 2 (Paper 2) Welcome to Public Health Pre-Weeding Test 2. This test was prepared to test your knowledge and preparation towards Public Health Council Exams. The question pool has 250 questions, (for 90 minutes) answer will show as soon as an option is picked per question. Enjoy. PLEASE USE FULLSCREEN MODE ON YOUR LAPTOP OR MOBILE FOR A BETTER EXPERIENCE -Badmus A. A. Best regards from A. A. Badmus Educonsults 1 / 250 1. Treatment for chronic ear infection would be ____________________. A. Give antibiotic for 5 days and dry the ear by wicking B. Give aspirin C. Instill quinolone otic drops and dry the ear by wicking D. Give first dose of antibiotic and paracetamol for pain Chronic ear infection (otorrhea ?14 days) is treated with topical quinolone drops and ear wicking. 2 / 250 2. Which of the following is one of the most challenging areas for the occupational health nurse (OHN)? A. Allocating time between direct service to employees and management tasks B. Collaborating with other worksite professionals and retaining leadership in the arena of employee health C. Managing ethical conflicts between responsibilities to management and responsibilities to employees D. Maintaining competence through attending conferences and maintaining services when the nurse (sole provider) is absent OHN often faces ethical conflicts between obligations to employees and employer demands. 3 / 250 3. Supply of human and material resources can helps to achieve the objective of business is. A. planning. B. organization. C. management. D. control. Organizing involves assembling and allocating resources to achieve business objectives. 4 / 250 4. A mosquito bites a person who subsequently develops a fever and abdominal rash. What type of transmission would this be? A. mechanical vector transmission B. biological vector transmission C. direct contact transmission D. vehicle transmission Biological vector transmission involves the vector being part of the pathogen’s life cycle. 5 / 250 5. What is a randomized controlled trial (RCT)? A. An observational study that compares the incidence of a disease in a population with different levels of exposure to a risk factor B. A study that compares the characteristics of individuals with a disease to those without a disease C. A study that randomly assigns participants to an intervention or control group to evaluate the effectiveness of a treatment or prevention strategy D. A study that compares the prevalence of a disease in a population with different levels of exposure to a risk factor RCTs randomly assign interventions to evaluate effectiveness under controlled conditions. 6 / 250 6. Midwifery care immediately after delivery includes the following except A. midwife should offer bedpan to the mother to empty her bladder B. inspect the perineum for tear or bruises C. estimate blood loss and record D. clean the baby up without checking the weight Post-delivery care includes bladder emptying, perineal inspection, blood loss estimation, and baby cleaning with weighing. 7 / 250 7. What is the major attribute of Correlation Analysis? A. Association among variables B. Difference among variables C. Regression among variables D. Variations among variables Correlation analysis measures the association (relationship) between variables. 8 / 250 8. Which of the following is not a principle guiding community health nursing A. It is important that professional etiquettes are adhered to in community health services. B. Family members only take part in decision making in attainment of health. C. There must be continuity in community health nursing D. Health worker should avoid been political or tribal biased Family and community participation is essential; decision-making is not limited to family members. 9 / 250 9. Planning lays down the overall objective, strategies and polices for the total enterprise is ___________. A. corporate planning. B. divisions planning. C. unit planning. D. department planning. Corporate planning sets the overall direction and strategy for the entire organization. 10 / 250 10. Which of the following criteria can be used to define Intellectual disabilities? A. Significantly below average intellectual functioning B. Impairments in adaptive functioning generally C. These deficits should be manifest before the age of 18-years D. All the above Intellectual disability is defined by subaverage IQ, deficits in adaptive functioning, and onset before age 18. 11 / 250 11. To ensure immediate preparation for labour, the woman must make sure the following are ready for the baby: A. soft towel, bathing apron, face towel, firm brassiere B. nappy, pants, bath towel, face towel C. plastic bag for soiled linen, baby pants and nappy. Essential baby items include towels, clothing, diapers, and bathing supplies. 12 / 250 12. The price of prescription medicine is high, partly because when someone is sick there is no real alternative to buying medicine. Which of Porter’s Five Forces explains how this aspect of the prescription medicine industry helps keep its profitability high? A. Rivalry among existing firms B. Threat of new entrants C. Threat of substitutes D. Bargaining power of buyers The threat of substitutes is low when there are few alternatives, allowing higher pricing and profitability. 13 / 250 13. Which is the major cause of nutritional blindness in children usually between 1 – 3 years of age A. Scurvy B. Keratomalacia C. Aneamia D. Dandruff Keratomalacia (corneal ulceration/softening) due to Vitamin A deficiency is the leading cause of nutritional blindness in young children. 14 / 250 14. To make family planning more acceptable and more accessible, programs should: A. Provide a mix of service delivery points B. Offer selected services through community health workers C. Offer certain hormonal contraceptives outside of the clinic D. All of the above Combining multiple service delivery points, community health workers, and out-of-clinic distribution increases family planning accessibility and acceptability. Combining multiple service delivery points, community health workers, and out-of-clinic distribution increases family planning accessibility and acceptability. 15 / 250 15. Which one of the following organization dedicated to protecting human health from environmental harms? A. Environment and Human Health B. Environmental and Scientific Science C. Ecological Protection Organization D. Ecological Science and Solutions Environment and Human Health is an organization focused on protecting health from environmental risks. 16 / 250 16. The fundamental part of community health nursing includes the following except: A. Health education B. Rehabilitation C. Counselling D. Supervision. Rehabilitation is a component, but not a fundamental core part; health education, counseling, and supervision are core. 17 / 250 17. An example of a Developmental Disorder is: A. ADHD B. Dyslex C. Mental Retardation D. Autistic spectrum disorders Autism spectrum disorder is a developmental disorder affecting communication and behavior. 18 / 250 18. The aim of rehabilitation in a victim of occupational accident is to restore the victim to his fullest in all the following capacity except A. Physical capacity B. Mental capacity C. bio-physiological capacity D. Social capacity Rehabilitation focuses on physical, mental, and social restoration; “bio-physiological” is not a standard category. 19 / 250 19. The current rates of disease are increasing at alarming speeds and most are closely linked with known A. Carcinogens B. Invigorating C. Organic farming D. Balanced diet Many modern diseases are linked to known carcinogens (e.g., tobacco, asbestos, pollutants). 20 / 250 20. We review the relevant literature to know: A. What is already known about the topic B. What concepts and theories have been applied to the topic C. Who are the key contributors to the topic D. All of the above Literature review reveals existing knowledge, theories, key contributors, and gaps. 21 / 250 21. What is the difference between a cohort study and a case-control study? A. In a cohort study, participants are selected based on their disease status, while in a case-control study, participants are selected based on their exposure status B. In a cohort study, participants are followed over time to observe outcomes, while in a case-control study, outcomes have already occurred C. Cohort studies are more expensive than case-control studies D. All of the above Cohort studies follow groups over time; case-control studies look back after outcomes occur. 22 / 250 22. Dysentery is classified if: A. There is Dehydration B. Stools are watery C. Fast breathing is present D. There is blood in the stool Dysentery is defined by the presence of blood in stool. 23 / 250 23. Which of the components contain in savlon A. Chlorhexidine and chlorxylenol B. Cetavlon and hibitane C. Cetavlon and chlorxylenol D. inhibitane and chlorxylenol Savlon contains cetavlon (cetrimide) and hibitane (chlorhexidine). 24 / 250 24. The process not needed in experimental research is A. Controlling B. Observation C. Reference collection D. Manipulation and replication Observation is essential; reference collection is not a core step in experimental design. 25 / 250 25. Which of the following is not a live attenuated vaccine? A. Bcg B. Sabin C. Measles D. Salk Salk vaccine is inactivated (killed); BCG, Sabin, and measles are live attenuated. 26 / 250 26. What is the purpose of adding of citrate in oral rehydration solution? A. Improve sodium chloride absorption B. Correct acidosis C. Increase its shelf-life D. Increase glucose absorption Citrate in ORS enhances stability and shelf life by preventing precipitation. 27 / 250 27. In most African countries, most facility-level supply chain functions are performed by A. Pharmacists B. Pharmacy technicians or equivalent C. Nurses of midwives D. Auxiliary staff In many African health facilities, pharmacy technicians or equivalent staff often handle supply chain tasks. In many African health facilities, pharmacy technicians or equivalent staff often handle supply chain tasks. 28 / 250 28. Rules, duties and responsibilities of workers are given in writing in. A. formal organization. B. informal organization. C. business or organization. D. strategic organization. Formal organization is characterized by written rules, duties, and defined structures. 29 / 250 29. Which one among the following is the most comprehensive source of population data? A. Census B. National Sample Surveys C. Demographic Health Surveys D. National Family Health Surveys Census provides complete population data; surveys are sample-based. 30 / 250 30. The gerontological nurse is monitoring signs of suspected abuse in an 89-year-old patient who was admitted from home. When planning for the patient’s discharge, the nurse’s first action is to: A. delay discharge by informing the provider of the suspected abuse. B. enlist the help of family members with transitioning the patient home. C. notify Adult Protective Services of the patient's discharge. D. restrict the family members' access to the patient prior to discharge. Nurses are mandated reporters; suspected elder abuse requires notification to Adult Protective Services before discharge. 31 / 250 31. What is the main aim of interdisciplinary research? A. To over simplify the problem of research B. To bring out the holistic approach to research C. To create a new trend in research methodology D. To reduce the emphasis on a single subject in the research domain Interdisciplinary research integrates multiple disciplines for a holistic understanding of complex issues. 32 / 250 32. The most common way to compute the cost of sales is to use the percent-of-sales method, which expresses each expense item as a percentage of A. Net sales B. Gross profit C. Net income D. Operating income The percent-of-sales method calculates expenses as a percentage of net sales. 33 / 250 33. How can we enhance the research objective? A. By making it more valid B. By making it more reliable C. By making it more impartial D. All of the above Enhancing objectives involves improving validity, reliability, and impartiality. 34 / 250 34. Patient Ufoma has measles for the last three months. There is pus draining from his right eye. This can be classified as A. Measles with eye or mouth complications B. Severe Complicated measles C. Severe complicated measles with eye or mouth complications D. Measles Measles with pus draining from the eye indicates eye complication. 35 / 250 35. These are all possible treatments for severe pneumonia except: A. Giver first dose of an appropriate antibiotic B. Soothe the throat and relieve the cough with a safe remedy C. Give vitamin D. Treat the child to prevent low blood sugar Symptomatic relief (like soothing throat) is not a primary treatment for severe pneumonia; antibiotics and supportive care are key. Symptomatic relief (like soothing throat) is not a primary treatment for severe pneumonia; antibiotics and supportive care are key. 36 / 250 36. In which of the following context, the frequency of post-placement examination is daily A. Exposure to lead B. Exposure to micromanages C. Exposure to radium D. Exposure to dye-stuffs Post-placement exams are daily for workers exposed to manganese due to its neurotoxic effects and rapid symptom onset. 37 / 250 37. Which of the following is the best method of prevent braggadocios? A. Keeping moisture > 20% B. Spraying 2% propionic acid C. Use of personal protective equipment D. All of the above “Braggadocios” likely refers to ergotism or grain mold; prevention includes moisture control, antifungal sprays, and PPE. 38 / 250 38. Which of the following is alternatively called corporate venture? A. Entrepreneurship B. Intrapreneurship C. Act of stating a new venture D. Offering new products by an existing company Intrapreneurship (corporate venture) is entrepreneurship within an existing organization. 39 / 250 39. Which of the following is excluded as occupational disease due to biological agents? A. Leptospirosis B. Brucellosis C. Anthrax D. None of the above Leptospirosis, brucellosis, and anthrax are all recognized occupational diseases from biological agents. 40 / 250 40. Method of measles prevention is to avoid exposure to an infected person. Nursing responsibility for rehabilitation of patient includes the provision of: A. Terminal disinfection B. Injection of gamma globulin C. Immunization D. Comfort measures Rehabilitation focuses on comfort measures like skin care, nutrition, and hygiene. 41 / 250 41. Which of the following constitutes specific protection? A. Immunization B. Avoidance of allergens C. Healthy environment D. Chemoprophylaxis Immunization provides specific protection against targeted infectious diseases. 42 / 250 42. What is the process by which individuals pursue opportunities without regard to resources they currently control? A. Startup management B. Entrepreneurship C. Financial analysis D. Feasibility planning Entrepreneurship involves pursuing opportunities regardless of currently controlled resources. 43 / 250 43. Which of the following shows the process of creating something new? A. Business model B. Modeling C. Creative flexibility D. Innovation Innovation refers to the process of creating and implementing new ideas or products. 44 / 250 44. The gerontological nurse manager involves the nursing staff in the utilization of trend data and analysis for quality improvement by: A. encouraging staff to volunteer for The Joint Commission's onsite surveys. B. highlighting the quality improvement work of experts in the specialty area. C. informing how data and outcomes are directly related to the staff's daily work. D. using scatter diagrams to identify the root cause of unresolved concerns. Linking data to daily work helps staff see the relevance of quality improvement and encourages engagement. 45 / 250 45. Which one is called non-probability sampling? A. Quota sampling B. Cluster sampling C. Systematic sampling D. Stratified random sampling Quota sampling is a non-probability method; others listed are probability techniques. 46 / 250 46. What is the earliest and most consistent clinical feature of lead poisoning? A. Lead palsy B. Microcosmic hypochondriac anaemia C. Philosophic stiping of RBCs D. Facial pallor Facial pallor (due to anemia) is an early, consistent sign of lead poisoning. 47 / 250 47. The first line antibiotic for pneumonia, mastoiditis, or very sever disease would be ________________. A. Cotrimoxazole B. Amoxicillin C. Penicillin D. Ciprofloxacin Amoxicillin is the first-line antibiotic for pneumonia, mastoiditis, and other severe bacterial infections in IMCI. 48 / 250 48. When selecting a home for delivery, the following should be considered: A. the woman must have just one previous still birth B. the home should be suitable and comfortable C. the woman must have previous healthy child (ren) D. the home must have a separate, well ventilated room to be use for delivery Previous stillbirth is a risk factor requiring careful assessment for home delivery suitability. 49 / 250 49. What is the main aim of interdisciplinary research? A. To over simplify the problem of research B. To bring out the holistic approach to research C. To create a new trend in research methodology D. To reduce the emphasis on a single subject in the research domain Interdisciplinary research integrates multiple disciplines for a holistic understanding of complex issues. 50 / 250 50. What is the common occupational cancer among the following? A. Lung cancer B. Urinary bladder cancer C. Skin cancer D. Brain cancer Skin cancer (e.g., from UV, chemicals) is a frequent occupational cancer. 51 / 250 51. Which of the following would NOT be considered an emerging disease? A. Ebola hemorrhagic fever B. West Nile virus fever/encephalitis C. Zika virus disease D. Tuberculosis Tuberculosis is an ancient, well-known disease, not newly emerging. 52 / 250 52. We review the relevant literature to know: A. What is already known about the topic B. What concepts and theories have been applied to the topic C. Who are the key contributors to the topic D. All of the above Literature review reveals existing knowledge, theories, key contributors, and gaps. 53 / 250 53. What should be included in the management of occupational health? A. Adequate and hygienic catering facilities B. Adequate lighting in the workplace. C. Protection against exposure to extreme temperatures. D. Pre -employment medical assessment Pre-employment medical assessment is a standard component of occupational health management. 54 / 250 54. Which of the following procedures can be used to identify Down Syndrome pre-natally? A. Amniocentesis B. Amnioprolaxis C. Amniophalaxi D. Amniocalesis Amniocentesis is a prenatal diagnostic test for chromosomal abnormalities like Down syndrome. 55 / 250 55. Authenticity of a research finding is its A. Validity B. Objectivity C. Originality D. All of the above Objectivity (freedom from bias) ensures authenticity of findings. 56 / 250 56. All of the following options are signs of measles except ____________. A. Generalized rash B. Stiff neck C. Cough or runny nose D. Red eyes Stiff neck is a sign of meningitis, not measles. 57 / 250 57. Which of the following is NOT a key element of outbreak investigation? A. Identification of the outbreak B. Characterization of the outbreak C. Determination of the cause of the outbreak D. Implementation of a vaccination campaign Vaccination is a control measure, not a core step of outbreak investigation (steps: detection, confirmation, description, cause identification, control). 58 / 250 58. __________________ Is a practice that is continuous and comprehensive directed towards all groups of community members. A. Nursing diagnosis B. Nursing care C. Community health nursing D. None of the above Community health nursing is a continuous, population-focused practice. 59 / 250 59. What color is “NO PNEUMONIA: COUGH OR COLD” classified as? A. Green B. Pink C. Yellow D. Red In IMCI classification, “No pneumonia: cough or cold” is coded green (home care). In IMCI classification, “No pneumonia: cough or cold” is coded green (home care). 60 / 250 60. Which one of the following cause harm to human health? A. Organic farming B. Using of pesticides C. Using solar vehicles D. Protecting forests Pesticides are known to pose health risks (e.g., toxicity, carcinogenicity) to humans. 61 / 250 61. Because of the number of things that can go wrong in research there is a need for: A. Flexibility and perseverance B. Sympathetic supervisors C. An emergency source of finance D. Wisdom to know the right time to quit Research requires flexibility and perseverance to adapt to unexpected challenges. 62 / 250 62. Set of clear instruction in a clear and logical sequence to perform a particular task. A. rules. B. programme. C. policy. D. methods. A programme is a set of sequenced instructions to accomplish a specific task. 63 / 250 63. Which of the following shows the process of creating something new? A. Business model B. Modeling C. Creative flexibility D. Innovation Innovation refers to the process of creating and implementing new ideas or products. 64 / 250 64. Which of the following does not correspond to characteristics of research? A. Research is not passive B. Research is systematic C. Research is not a problem-oriented D. Research is not a process Research is a systematic, active, problem-oriented process; “not a process” is incorrect. 65 / 250 65. Why are emerging diseases with very few cases the focus of intense scrutiny? A. They tend to be more deadly B. They are increasing and therefore not controlled C. They naturally have higher transmission rates D. They occur more in developed countries Emerging diseases are closely monitored because they are increasing and not yet controlled, posing potential public health threats. 66 / 250 66. Domiciliary midwifery can be defined as ___. A. home delivery undertaken by the flying squad only B. care given to a mother and the baby at home by a registered midwife C. home delivery services rendered by community midwife or the flying squad with delivery kit. D. antenatal clinic undertaken in the pregnant women community. Domiciliary midwifery involves home delivery services by a community midwife or flying squad with a delivery kit. 67 / 250 67. Which type of rehabilitation in which restoration of body function? A. Vocational rehabilitation B. Primary prevention C. Social rehabilitation D. None of the above Vocational rehabilitation restores work capacity and function after illness/injury. 68 / 250 68. Which of the following are the main components of an industry/target market feasibility analysis? A. Industry status and target market status B. Industry attractiveness and target market attractiveness C. Industry sufficiency and target market demand D. Industry attractiveness and product/service demand Industry/target market feasibility analysis assesses industry sufficiency and target market demand. 69 / 250 69. What is the difference between incidence and prevalence? A. Incidence refers to the proportion of the population with a disease, while prevalence refers to the number of new cases of a disease in a population over a period of time B. Incidence refers to the number of new cases of a disease in a population over period of time, while prevalence refers to the proportion of the population with a disease C. Incidence measures morbidity while prevalence measures mortality. D. Incidence and prevalence are the same thing Incidence = new cases over time; prevalence = existing cases at a point/period. 70 / 250 70. Which of the following in the greatest source of the lead poisoning? A. Automobile exhaust B. Drinking water C. Industries D. All of the above Historically, leaded gasoline exhaust was a major source of environmental lead poisoning. 71 / 250 71. Which of the following is not a data-collection method? A. Research questions B. Unstructured interviewing C. Postal survey questionnaires D. Participant observation Research questions guide inquiry but are not a data-collection method; they define what data to collect. 72 / 250 72. Every subordinate should receive orders from and be accountable to only one superior is __________. A. Unity of direction. B. Unity of command. C. Centralization. D. Scalar chain. Unity of command ensures each employee reports to one supervisor to avoid conflicting instructions. 73 / 250 73. Which of the following factors can lead to reemergence of a disease? A. A mutation that allows it to infect humans B. A period of decline in vaccination rates C. A change in disease reporting procedures D. Better education on the signs and symptoms of the disease Declining vaccination rates can reduce herd immunity, allowing previously controlled diseases to reemerge. 74 / 250 74. Which of the following in the greatest source of the lead poisoning? A. Automobile exhaust B. Drinking water C. Industries D. All of the above Historically, leaded gasoline exhaust was a major environmental source; though phased out, legacy contamination persists. 75 / 250 75. What is called for the chemicals which emit with vinyl floors? A. Pathogens B. Vinyl oxidize C. Phthalates D. Chorines Phthalates are plasticizers used in vinyl flooring that can off-gas and affect indoor air quality. 76 / 250 76. In which one of the following circumstances will the prevalence of a disease in the population increase, all else being constant? A. If the incidence rate of the disease falls. B. If survival time with the disease increases. C. If recovery of the disease is faster. D. If the population in which the disease is measured increases. Prevalence increases if survival with the disease lengthens (more existing cases). 77 / 250 77. Which one of the following gives suggestions for new product and also help to market new products? A. Existing products and services B. Federal government C. Distribution Channels D. Consumers Distribution channels (e.g., retailers, wholesalers) often provide new product ideas and marketing support. 78 / 250 78. A ________ partnership is a modified form of a general partnership. A. Joint B. Limited C. Partial D. Mutual A limited partnership includes both general partners (unlimited liability) and limited partners (liability limited to investment). 79 / 250 79. Active and passive immunization is done simultaneously in all except? A. Hepatitis b B. Measles C. Rabies D. Tetanus Measles does not typically combine active and passive immunization; hepatitis B, rabies, and tetanus do. 80 / 250 80. Which one of the following gives suggestions for new product and also help to market new products? A. Existing products and services B. Federal government C. Distribution Channels D. Consumers Distribution channels (e.g., retailers, wholesalers) often provide new product ideas and marketing support. 81 / 250 81. Overseeing major policies and decisions in corporations are handled by: A. Share holders B. Stock holders C. Board of Directors D. Owners The Board of Directors governs major corporate policies and strategic decisions. 82 / 250 82. Which of the following is the primary objective of epidemiology? A. To identify risk factors for disease B. To develop treatment for diseases C. To prevent diseases in populations D. To understand the pathogenesis of diseases Epidemiology’s primary objective is identifying risk factors to inform prevention. 83 / 250 83. What does ‘sampling cases’ mean? A. Sampling using a sampling frame B. Identifying people who are suitable for research C. Literally, the researcher's brief-case D. Sampling people, newspapers, television programmes etc. Sampling cases extends beyond people to include texts, media, events, etc. 84 / 250 84. Which of this is the most common occupational hazard globally? A. Radiation B. Heat C. Organic dust D. All of the above Organic dust (e.g., from agriculture, textiles) is a widespread occupational hazard. 85 / 250 85. A statement of expected results expressed in numerical terms for a definite period of time in the future is known as ____________. A. objective. B. strategies. C. procedures. D. budgets. Budgets are quantitative plans expressing expected financial outcomes over a specific period. 86 / 250 86. Employees will be promoted on the basis of seniority is an example of ___. A. rules. B. procedures. C. policy. D. methods. A promotion-by-seniority policy guides decision-making on employee advancement. 87 / 250 87. Which vaccine is contraindicated during pregnancy? A. Rubella B. OPV C. Tetanus D. Influenza Rubella (MMR) vaccine is contraindicated in pregnancy due to theoretical fetal risk. 88 / 250 88. Patient Luna is 4 months old and has visible severe wasting and edema on both feet. This can be classified as ________________. A. Severe Malnutrition B. Very Low Weight C. Not very low weight D. Low weight Visible severe wasting plus bilateral edema indicates severe acute malnutrition (SAM). 89 / 250 89. F.W. Taylor is associated with________________. A. Scientific Management. B. Future management. C. Modern management. D. Principles of management. F.W. Taylor is the founder of Scientific Management, emphasizing efficiency and systematic work methods. 90 / 250 90. When epidemiologists judge the evidence to establish possible causes of a health outcome, they consider A. The estimated strength of the association between an exposure and the outcome. B. Evidence that the exposure of interest has appeared before the outcome. C. Evidence showing that reductions in the exposure level will reverse the risk of the outcome. D. All of the options given Causal inference considers strength, temporality, reversibility, consistency, etc. 91 / 250 91. Those newly born infants who do not require resuscitation can generally be identified by a rapid assessment of the following 3 characteristics: A. Term gestation B. Crying or breathing C. Good muscle tone D. All of the above Newborns not needing resuscitation are typically term, breathing/crying, and have good muscle tone. Newborns not needing resuscitation are typically term, breathing/crying, and have good muscle tone. 92 / 250 92. Which organizational relationship gives a greater job satisfaction and results in maximum production? A. formal organization. B. informal organization. C. business or organization. D. strategic organization. Informal organization often leads to higher job satisfaction and productivity due to social bonds. 93 / 250 93. Which of the following is excluded as occupational disease due to biological agents? A. Leptospirosis B. Brucellosis C. Anthrax D. None of the above Leptospirosis, brucellosis, and anthrax are all recognized occupational diseases from biological agents. 94 / 250 94. Toxic shock syndrome is an unforeseen complication of which of the following vaccine? A. Mumps B. Measles C. Salk D. Tetanus Toxic shock syndrome has been reported as a rare complication following measles vaccination. 95 / 250 95. Allotment of work to each worker on the basis of the capacity of an average worker functioning in the normal working condition is _____________. A. social task planning. B. scientific task planning. C. not a planning. D. scientific organizing. Scientific task planning assigns work based on time and motion studies of an average worker under normal conditions. 96 / 250 96. All but one of the following are precipitating factors of occupational accidents A. Poor coordination B. Environmental factors. C. Defective machinery. D. Work characteristics. Poor coordination is a human factor, not a precipitating factor; environmental, machinery, and work-related factors are precipitating. 97 / 250 97. Which is series of speeches on the selected subject by experts? A. Panel Discussion B. Role play C. Symposium D. Workshop A symposium involves a series of prepared speeches by experts on a specific topic. 98 / 250 98. Which type of organization gives importance to people and their relationships? A. formal organization. B. informal organization. C. business or organization. D. strategic organization. Informal organization focuses on social relationships, personal interactions, and group dynamics. 99 / 250 99. The chi-square test is: A. A mean B. A multi-question tests. C. A statistical mistake. D. A statistic Chi-square is a statistical test used for categorical data analysis. 100 / 250 100. Chlorine exerts a disinfectant action in all except? A. bleaching powder B. Betrimide C. Halozone tablets D. Sodium hypochlorite Betrimide (benzalkonium chloride) is a quaternary ammonium compound, not a chlorine-based disinfectant. 101 / 250 101. The main aim of the scientific method in the research field is to _________ A. Improve data interpretation B. Confirm triangulation C. Introduce new variables D. Eliminate spurious relations The scientific method aims to introduce and test new variables to explain phenomena. 102 / 250 102. Research problem is selected from the standpoint of A. Social relevance B. Financial support C. Researcher's interest D. Availability of relevant literature Social relevance ensures the research addresses meaningful societal needs or issues. 103 / 250 103. What is the another name for the two-way communication? A. Work shop B. Socratic Method C. Didactic Method D. Simulation excercise Socratic method involves dialogue and questioning, representing two-way communication. 104 / 250 104. Epidemiological measures of effect assess the _______ between an exposure and an outcome. A. strength of the causal mechanism B. strength of the reversibility C. strength of the association D. strength of a confounding factor Measures of effect (e.g., RR, OR) quantify the strength of association between exposure and outcome. 105 / 250 105. Management is an organ, organs can be described and defined only through their functions. This definition was given by____________. A. Peter .F.Drucker. B. Terry. C. LouisAllan. D. HenryFayol. Peter F. Drucker defined management as an organ defined by its functions. 106 / 250 106. A researcher is interested in studying the prospects of a particular political party in an urban area. So, what tool should he prefer for the study? A. Rating Scale B. Interview C. Questionnaire D. Schedule Questionnaires efficiently gather standardized data from a large urban population on political opinions. 107 / 250 107. Patient Faith has no runny nose, no measles and no other causes of fever but has malaria risk. This could be classified as? A. Malaria B. Fever: Malaria likely C. Very Severe febrile disease/malaria D. Fever: No Malaria Fever with malaria risk and no other cause is classified as “Fever: Malaria likely.” 108 / 250 108. Authenticity of a research finding is its A. Validity B. Objectivity C. Originality D. All of the above Objectivity (freedom from bias) ensures authenticity of findings. 109 / 250 109. If the child has wheezing and either fast breathing or chest indrawing present, the nurse should: A. Refer URGENTLY to hospital B. Give a trial acting inhaled bronchodilator for up to 3 times C. Assess vital signs D. Give Vitamin For wheezing with fast breathing or chest indrawing, a trial of inhaled bronchodilator is indicated to assess reversibility before referral. 110 / 250 110. Communicability of disease is assessed by: A. Secondary attack rate B. Generation time C. Serial interval D. Incubation period Secondary attack rate measures spread from primary cases to contacts, indicating communicability. 111 / 250 111. Research problem is selected from the standpoint of A. Social relevance B. Financial support C. Researcher's interest D. Availability of relevant literature Social relevance ensures the research addresses meaningful societal needs or issues. 112 / 250 112. When carrying out the home visit, the community health nurse should follow certain basic principles which includes the following EXCEPT: A. The home visit should have a purpose and objectives. B. The home visit should be planned according to priority. C. The purpose of the home visit should be clear, regular, and flexible according to the needs of the family D. Home visit must be every week and must be a planned one. Home visits should be purposeful and flexible, but not necessarily weekly or rigidly scheduled. 113 / 250 113. Treatment for very severe febrile disease/malaria with malaria risk would be? A. Give one dose of paracetamol B. Give first dose of quinine C. Treat the child with an oral antimalarial D. Give Vitamin A Very severe febrile disease/malaria requires immediate parenteral antimalarial (e.g., quinine) or artesunate. 114 / 250 114. An occupational health nurse (OHN) works in a state that requires continuing education units per year for renewing a nursing license. Which of the following courses would probably be most helpful in the role? A. Diversity and Human Caring B. Ergonomics and Toxicology C. Evaluating Risks and Personnel Management D. Health Assessment and Home Health Care Ergonomics and toxicology are directly relevant to occupational health nursing, addressing workplace safety and chemical exposures. 115 / 250 115. What are the primary financial objectives of any firm? A. Efficiency, effectiveness, strength, and flexibility B. Efficiency, effectiveness, power, and success C. Liquidity, control, effectiveness, and power D. Liquidity, profitability, efficiency, and stability Primary financial objectives are liquidity, profitability, efficiency, and long-term stability. 116 / 250 116. It is sometimes necessary when an older person has a reduced appetite to enrich or fortify the food offered. Which of the following possibilities might not be effective? A. Margarine or butter added to vegetables and potatoes B. Include part whole meal flour in preparation of apple crumble C. Add evaporated milk or jam/honey to milk puddings D. Add skimmed milk powder to milk Adding whole meal flour may increase fiber and bulk without significantly increasing energy density, which is less effective for appetite stimulation in older adults. Adding whole meal flour may increase fiber and bulk without significantly increasing energy density, which is less effective for appetite stimulation in older adults. 117 / 250 117. General and Industrial Management was written by_________________. A. Harold Koontz. B. Terry. C. Louis Allan. D. Henry Fayol. “General and Industrial Management” is a classic book written by Henry Fayol. 118 / 250 118. Patient Tofa, 5 months old has diarrhea for already 16 days. You also notice that dehydration is present. This could be classified as? A. Severe Dehydration B. Severe Persistent Diarrhea C. Some Dehydration D. Persistent Diarrhea Diarrhea ?14 days with dehydration is classified as severe persistent diarrhea. 119 / 250 119. Contraindications of home delivery in mother includes the following except A. short stature less than 1.5m B. age of less than 35years at first child birth C. socioeconomic factors such as poverty, ignorance, religion D. poor medical or obstetric history Age <35 is not a contraindication; risks include extremes of age, poor obstetric history, and socioeconomic factors. 120 / 250 120. Because of the number of things that can go wrong in research there is a need for: A. Flexibility and perseverance B. Sympathetic supervisors C. An emergency source of finance D. Wisdom to know the right time to quit Research requires flexibility and perseverance to adapt to unexpected challenges. 121 / 250 121. The following should be included in the management of occupational health EXCEPT A. Adequate and hygienic catering facilities B. Adequate lighting in the workplace. C. Protection against exposure to extreme temperatures. D. Health assessment. Health assessment (including pre-employment exams) is a core occupational health activity, not an exclusion. 122 / 250 122. The process not needed in experimental research is A. Controlling B. Observation C. Reference collection D. Manipulation and replication Observation is essential; reference collection is not a core step in experimental design. 123 / 250 123. The main aim of the scientific method in the research field is to _________ A. Improve data interpretation B. Confirm triangulation C. Introduce new variables D. Eliminate spurious relations The scientific method aims to introduce and test new variables to explain phenomena. 124 / 250 124. Which of the following is an example of a zoonotic disease? A. Tuberculosis B. Influenza C. Malaria D. Ebola Ebola is a zoonotic disease transmitted from animals (e.g., bats, primates) to humans. 125 / 250 125. Which of the following types of child abuse is recognized as a major contributor to intellectual disability? A. Abused child syndrome B. Shaken baby syndrome C. Battered baby syndrome D. Damaged infant syndrome Abused child syndrome encompasses various abuse-related injuries and neglect leading to intellectual disability. 126 / 250 126. What is the major attribute of Correlation Analysis? A. Association among variables B. Difference among variables C. Regression among variables D. Variations among variables Correlation analysis measures the association (relationship) between variables. 127 / 250 127. What is the difference between sensitivity and specificity? A. Sensitivity is the proportion of true negatives, while specificity is the proportion of true positives B. Sensitivity is the proportion of true positives, while specificity is the proportion of true negatives C. Sensitivity and specificity are the same thing D. Sensitivity and specificity are measures of prevalence Sensitivity = proportion of true positives correctly identified; specificity = true negatives correctly identified. 128 / 250 128. Treatment for acute ear infection would be _________________________. A. Give antibiotic for 5 days and dry the ear by wicking B. Give aspirin C. Instill quinolone drops and dry the ear by wicking D. Give first dose of antibiotic and paracetamol for pain Acute ear infection (<14 days) is treated with oral antibiotics (e.g., amoxicillin) and ear drying. 129 / 250 129. The biggest challenges to improving global vaccine coverage is A. Limited resources B. Competing health priorities C. Poor management of health system D. All of the above Limited resources, competing priorities, and weak health systems collectively hinder global vaccine coverage. 130 / 250 130. A blanket from a child with chickenpox is likely to be contaminated with the virus that causes chickenpox (Varicella-zoster virus). What is the blanket called? A. Fomite B. Host C. Pathogen D. Vector A fomite is an inanimate object that can harbor pathogens and transmit infection. 131 / 250 131. Contingent plan to meet environmental pressures is ______________. A. objective. B. strategies. C. policies. D. rules. Strategies are plans designed to respond to environmental challenges and opportunities. 132 / 250 132. Baby Lucky 4 months old is not able to breastfeed and chest indrawing is present. This can be classified as ___________. A. Pneumonia B. Severe Pneumonia C. No Pneumonia: cough or cold D. Mild Pneumonia Inability to breastfeed/drink plus chest indrawing indicates severe pneumonia (or very severe disease) per IMCI guidelines. Inability to breastfeed/drink plus chest indrawing indicates severe pneumonia (or very severe disease) per IMCI guidelines. 133 / 250 133. Which of the following occupational hazards are caused due to exposure to dim light? A. Cataract B. Caissum disease C. Glaucoma Miner’s nystagmus (oscillating eye movements) is caused by prolonged work in poor lighting, such as in mining. 134 / 250 134. How does vertical transmission occur? A. Through mosquitoes B. Through direct contact C. Through placenta D. Through droplets Vertical transmission occurs from mother to fetus via the placenta (e.g., HIV, rubella). 135 / 250 135. The advantages of home delivery includes but not limited to the following: A. it is more convenient for the client B. mother is more relaxed because she doesn't have to change from her normal environment C. It is very cheap D. All of the above. Home delivery advantages include convenience, comfort, familiarity, and often lower cost. 136 / 250 136. Which of the following is not a type of research question? A. Predicting an outcome B. Evaluating a phenomenon C. Developing good practice D. A hypothesis A hypothesis is a testable statement, not a type of research question. 137 / 250 137. The American Nurses Association’s Gerontological Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice emphasizes: A. that abnormal responses to the aging process determine the appropriate nursing diagnoses. B. that the health status data of older adult patients be documented in a retrievable form. C. the role of the older adult patient as the sole decision maker in planning his or her care. D. the unchanging nature of the goals and plans of care for older adult patients. Gerontological nursing standards stress proper documentation of health data for continuity and quality care. 138 / 250 138. Which of the following would NOT be considered a reemerging disease? A. Drug-resistant tuberculosis B. Drug-resistant gonorrhea C. Malaria D. West Nile virus fever/encephalitis West Nile virus is emerging in new regions; reemerging diseases are previously controlled but resurging (e.g., drug-resistant TB, malaria). 139 / 250 139. Father of Administrative management______________. A. Mary Parkett. B. Lillian Gilbert. C. Henry Fayol. D. Elton Mayo. Henry Fayol is considered the father of administrative management for his systematic theory of management. 140 / 250 140. Justina was observed to have tender swelling behind the ear, this can be classified as _______________. A. Acute Ear Infection B. Chronic Ear Infection C. Mastoiditis D. Ear Infection Tender swelling behind the ear suggests mastoiditis, a complication of otitis media. 141 / 250 141. Which of these could be a treatment for Dysentery? A. Give Vitamin A B. Give ORS and zinc supplements C. Give multivitamins and minerals D. Give ciprofloxacin for 3 days Dysentery (bloody diarrhea) is typically treated with antibiotics like ciprofloxacin. 142 / 250 142. All of the following are manifestations of zinc deficiency EXCEPT: A. diarrhea B. dysgeusia C. alopecia D. rash E. parasthesias Alopecia (hair loss) is not a typical sign of zinc deficiency; common signs include diarrhea, taste changes, rash, and paresthesias. 143 / 250 143. On what basis can one formulate the assumptions? A. The cultural background of the country B. Universities C. Some specific characteristics of castes D. All of the above Assumptions are shaped by cultural context, societal norms, and background. 144 / 250 144. Which is the most common type of biological vector of human disease? A. Viruses B. Bacteria C. Mammals D. Arthropods Arthropods (mosquitoes, ticks, fleas) are the most common biological vectors. 145 / 250 145. Which of the following is the most prevalent occupational disease globally? A. Asbestosis B. Silicosis C. Byssinosis D. Bagassosis Silicosis, caused by silica dust inhalation, is a common occupational lung disease globally. 146 / 250 146. Controlling measures of pertusis includes A. Isolation of patient B. Giving of DPY vaccine C. Disinfection of discharges D. Administration of antibiotics Isolation prevents transmission of pertussis (whooping cough) during the contagious phase. 147 / 250 147. Occupational Health is entitled to which of the following? A. Community medicine B. Preventive medicine C. Clinical medicine D. All Occupational health is a branch of preventive medicine focused on workplace health and safety. 148 / 250 148. What are those conditions where a research problem is not viable? A. It is new and adds something to knowledge B. It can be researched C. It has utility and relevance D. It contains dependent and independent variables Lack of dependent and independent variables makes a research problem non-viable. 149 / 250 149. Which of the following does not correspond to characteristics of research? A. Research is not passive B. Research is systematic C. Research is not a problem-oriented D. Research is not a process Research is a systematic, active, problem-oriented process; “not a process” is incorrect. 150 / 250 150. Which communicable diseases are most difficult to block the spread of? A. Vector-borne B. Water-borne C. Airborne D. Man to man Airborne diseases (e.g., TB, measles) spread easily via aerosols, making containment difficult. 151 / 250 151. The six rights of supply chain management include the following EXCEPT: A. Right quantities B. Right condition C. Right customers D. Right consumer The six rights of supply chain are: right product, quantity, condition, place, time, and cost. “Right consumer” is not one of them. The six rights of supply chain are: right product, quantity, condition, place, time, and cost. “Right consumer” is not one of them. 152 / 250 152. The main occupational health problems in industry include all but one of the following A. Ergonomic problems B. Psychological problems C. Social problems D. Environmental problems Ergonomic problems are a major occupational health issue; psychological, social, and environmental problems also occur. 153 / 250 153. Randomized, controlled trials provide strong evidence that an observed effect is due to the intervention (the assigned exposure). One reason is because A. When the participants are randomized, many characteristics and possible confounding factors are likely to be evenly distributed in the groups. B. It is easier to measure the outcome variable with great precision in randomised, controlled trials compared to in other study designs C. The exposure level and the outcome are measured at the same time D. The study participants are volunteers and therefore motivated to take part in the study. Randomization reduces confounding by distributing known and unknown factors evenly between groups. 154 / 250 154. An effective way to adequately provide nourishment to a patient with moderate dementia is: A. allowing the patient to choose foods from a varied menu. B. hand feeding the patient's favorite foods. C. routinely reminding the patient about the need for adequate nutrition. D. serving soup in a mug, and offering finger foods. Adaptive feeding strategies (e.g., mugs for soup, finger foods) support independence and adequate intake in dementia. 155 / 250 155. Which of the following is most powerful chemical disinfectant? A. Phenol B. Lysol C. Dettol D. Potassium permanganate Lysol (a phenolic compound) is a potent disinfectant; phenol, dettol, and potassium permanganate are less powerful. 156 / 250 156. What does ‘sampling cases’ mean? A. Sampling using a sampling frame B. Identifying people who are suitable for research C. Literally, the researcher's brief-case D. Sampling people, newspapers, television programmes etc. Sampling cases extends beyond people to include texts, media, events, etc. 157 / 250 157. The difference between sales revenue and cost of goods sold is known as the A. Net profit B. Debt C. Break-even point D. Gross profit or gross margin Gross profit (or gross margin) is sales revenue minus the cost of goods sold. 158 / 250 158. Which of the following is an example of intellectual disability? A. Dyslexia B. ADHD C. Mental Retardation D. Autistic spectrum disorders Dyslexia is a specific learning disability (reading disorder) classified under intellectual/developmental disabilities. 159 / 250 159. The concept of economics is concerned with which of the following? A. Assigning right job to right man B. Ensuring Insurance plan to the employees C. Adopting work slift plan D. None of the above Economics focuses on efficient resource allocation, like matching jobs to suitable workers. 160 / 250 160. A recently admitted nursing home resident and the resident’s family only speak Spanish. One evening during a visit, the resident and the family begin to wail and sob loudly. The gerontological nurse is unable to determine what is wrong. The nurse’s most appropriate action is to: A. ask the supervisor to get an interpreter. B. attempt to make the resident and the family comfortable. C. contact the provider for orders. D. find an escort to take the resident and the family to the chapel for privacy. Language barriers require immediate interpreter services to assess and address the family’s distress. 161 / 250 161. What is the new strategy, a unique concept of WHO, to provide universal coverage of rehabilitation to all segments of society? A. Occupational Rehabilitation B. Medical Rehabilitation C. Community based Rehabilitation D. Institutional based Rehabilitation Community-Based Rehabilitation (CBR) is a WHO strategy to make rehabilitation accessible at the community level. 162 / 250 162. Which of the following is a form of child abuse that is known to cause intellectual disability? A. Shaken baby syndrome B. Abused child syndrome C. Battered baby syndrome D. Damaged infant syndrome Shaken baby syndrome (abusive head trauma) can cause brain injury and intellectual disability. 163 / 250 163. What type of chart is useful for showing trends or changes over time? A. Pie Chart B. Column Chart C. Line Chart D. Dot Graph Line charts effectively display trends over continuous time intervals. 164 / 250 164. What is the most common mode of absorption of lead in our body? A. Inhalation B. Inoculation C. Ingestion D. Exposure through skin Inhalation of lead dust/fumes is the primary route in occupational settings; ingestion is common in children. 165 / 250 165. Which of this is the most common occupational hazard globally? A. Radiation B. Heat C. Organic dust D. All of the above Organic dust (e.g., from grains, textiles) is a widespread occupational hazard, especially in agriculture and manufacturing. 166 / 250 166. Which type of organization gives importance to terms of authority and functions? A. formal organization. B. informal organization. C. business or organization. D. strategic organization. Formal organization emphasizes defined authority, roles, and hierarchical structure. 167 / 250 167. Which is the first line Oral Antimalarial? A. Chloroquine B. Sulfadoxine C. Pyramethamine D. Artemeter Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) like Artemeter-Lumefantrine are first-line oral antimalarials. 168 / 250 168. Which of the following disease is not required isolation to break transmission? A. Tetanus B. Chickenpox C. Measles D. Mumps Tetanus is not contagious; isolation is not required for transmission control. 169 / 250 169. To manage is to forecast and plan, to organize, to compound, to co-ordinate and to control. This definition was given by____________. A. Peter F. Drucker. B. Henry Fayol. C. Louis Allan. D. Terry. Henry Fayol defined management as forecasting, planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling. 170 / 250 170. How can we enhance the research objective? A. By making it more valid B. By making it more reliable C. By making it more impartial D. All of the above Enhancing objectives involves improving validity, reliability, and impartiality. 171 / 250 171. Which of the following is used in public health operations and research? A. Molecular epidemiology B. Seroepidemiology C. Ecoepidemiology D. geoepidemiology Seroepidemiology studies disease patterns using blood serum markers (e.g., antibodies) to track exposure and immunity. 172 / 250 172. Research problem is feasible only when A. It has utility and relevance B. It is new and adds something to knowledge C. It is researchable D. All of the above Feasibility requires utility, novelty, and researchability. 173 / 250 173. According to Mroz, (1978), Unsafe human behaviors are the principal cause of up to ______ percentage of accidents in workplace A. 50 B. 60 C. 70 D. 80 Mroz attributed 80% of workplace accidents to unsafe human behaviors. 174 / 250 174. Which vital sign is important in classifying a child with pneumonia from those who do not have? A. Chest indrawing B. Stridor C. Temperature D. Respiration Chest indrawing is a key sign for severe pneumonia classification. 175 / 250 175. Which section of the business plan focuses on the specific segment or target market of an industry to which the firm will try to appeal? A. Current status B. Market analysis C. Company summary D. Operations plan Market analysis identifies and describes the target customer segment the business intends to serve. 176 / 250 176. Which vital sign is important in classifying a child with pneumonia from those who do not have? A. Chest in-drawing B. Stridor C. Temperature D. Respiratory failure Chest indrawing distinguishes pneumonia from severe pneumonia in IMCI. 177 / 250 177. Disinfection of water by routine chlorination can be classified as? A. Sterilization B. Concurrent disinfection C. Terminal disinfection D. Pre-current disinfection Routine chlorination of water is a pre-current (preventive) disinfection measure. 178 / 250 178. What is the most common heavy metal poisoning globally? A. Mercury B. Siderosis & asbestosis C. Lead poisoning D. Cadmium poisoning Lead poisoning is widespread, especially in children, due to environmental and occupational exposure. 179 / 250 179. Which one among the following is the most comprehensive source of population data? A. Census B. National Sample Surveys C. Demographic Health Surveys D. National Family Health Surveys Census provides complete population data; surveys are sample-based. 180 / 250 180. The general principles of accident prevention applicable to all occupations irrespective of size include all but one of the following A. The prevention of accidents is an essential part of good management B. Reduction of accidents lies solely in the hand of management of an industry C. The organization of safety in the plant is the responsibility of the management D. Each plant should have a definitive and well known policy on safety Accident prevention requires shared responsibility between management and workers, not management alone. 181 / 250 181. Which of the following components of primary health care focus on control the occurrence of preventable illnesses especially of children below 5 years old? A. Locally endemic disease control B. Education for health C. Expanded program on immunization D. None of the above Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) targets preventable childhood diseases. 182 / 250 182. In which study we can obtain the relative risk of disease? A. Cohort study B. Case study C. Case-control study D. Experimental study Cohort studies calculate relative risk (RR) by comparing disease incidence between exposed and unexposed groups. 183 / 250 183. Which of the following is alternatively called corporate venture? A. Entrepreneurship B. Intrapreneurship C. Act of stating a new venture D. Offering new products by an existing company Intrapreneurship (corporate venture) is entrepreneurship within an existing organization. 184 / 250 184. What are those conditions where a research problem is not viable? A. It is new and adds something to knowledge B. It can be researched C. It has utility and relevance D. It contains dependent and independent variables Lack of dependent and independent variables makes a research problem non-viable. 185 / 250 185. What is the absolute contraindication of pertussis vaccine? A. Diarrhea B. Fever C. Malnutrition D. Convulsions History of convulsions or neurological reactions is an absolute contraindication for pertussis vaccine. 186 / 250 186. All these are signs of severe dehydration except ________________. A. Restlessness B. Sunken eyes C. Skin pinch goes back very slowly D. Abnormally sleepy Restlessness can occur in mild/moderate dehydration; severe dehydration signs include lethargy, sunken eyes, and slow skin pinch. 187 / 250 187. It is possible to reduce (though not eliminate) information bias in assessment of dietary intake by A. gathering information about many different aspects of people's dietary habits. B. collecting data about dietary intake at the onset of a study, before people have experienced symptoms of disease. C. collecting data on all possible confounders D. making sure that the study sample is representative of the population Collecting dietary data before symptom onset reduces recall bias in cohort studies. 188 / 250 188. Which of the following occupational hazards are caused due to exposure to dim light? A. Cataract B. Caissum disease C. Glaucoma Miner’s nystagmus (involuntary eye movements) results from prolonged work in poor lighting. 189 / 250 189. Which one among the following falls under the category of research development? A. Descriptive Research B. Philosophical Research C. Action Research D. All of the above Descriptive, philosophical, and action research all contribute to research development. 190 / 250 190. The level at which an individual is viewed by society is called: A. Financial status B. Qualification C. Social status D. Achievement Social status reflects an individual’s societal standing based on factors like wealth, occupation, education. 191 / 250 191. The 4 P’s of a firm’s marketing mix consists of A. product, price, promotion, and place B. Product, price, principle, and premium C. Premium, passion, product, and pay D. Place, promotion, passion, and performance The marketing mix (4 Ps) consists of Product, Price, Promotion, and Place (distribution). 192 / 250 192. Contraceptive methods that can be used by the breastfeeding woman as early as six weeks postpartum include all of the following EXCEPT: A. Lactational amenorrhoea method B. Progestin-only pills C. Combined oral contraceptives injectable and implant D. Condoms Combined oral contraceptives (containing estrogen) are not recommended for breastfeeding women before 6 months postpartum due to potential milk supply reduction. Combined oral contraceptives (containing estrogen) are not recommended for breastfeeding women before 6 months postpartum due to potential milk supply reduction. 193 / 250 193. Value-based pricing takes a ________-oriented approach. A. Product B. Company C. Customer D. None Value-based pricing is product-oriented, setting prices based on perceived product value. 194 / 250 194. Which one is called non-probability sampling? A. Quota sampling B. Cluster sampling C. Systematic sampling D. Stratified random sampling Quota sampling is a non-probability method; others listed are probability techniques. 195 / 250 195. Which of the following is excluded as the most dangerous lead compound? A. Lead oxide B. Lead sulphide C. Lead Arsenate D. Lead Carbonate Lead sulfide is less soluble and less toxic compared to lead oxides, carbonates, and arsenates. 196 / 250 196. Sputum can be disinfected by? A. Boiling B. Drying C. Autoclaving D. None of the above Autoclaving (moist heat under pressure) effectively disinfects sputum by killing pathogens including TB bacilli. 197 / 250 197. Which of the following is the most prevalent occupational disease globally? A. Asbestosis B. Silicosis C. Byssinosis D. Bagassosis Silicosis, caused by inhaling silica dust, is one of the most common occupational lung diseases worldwide. 198 / 250 198. Which of the following statements about exposures is true? A. Exposure' refers to contact with some factor that may be harmful or beneficial to health. B. An exposed individual has a greater risk of disease C. Dietary intake is not an 'exposure' because individuals make a choice about what they eat. D. High body mass index is a risk factor for a range of health conditions, therefore, it cannot be treated as a single exposure Exposure refers to any contact with a factor (harmful or beneficial) that may affect health. 199 / 250 199. How to judge the depth of any research? A. By research title B. By research duration C. By research objectives D. By total expenditure on research Research depth is gauged by the scope and specificity of its objectives. 200 / 250 200. Which of the following is not a data-collection method? A. Research questions B. Unstructured interviewing C. Postal survey questionnaires D. Participant observation Research questions guide inquiry but are not a data-collection method; they define what data to collect. 201 / 250 201. Which category describes that keeping the frequency of illness within acceptable limits? A. Control B. Prevention C. Eradication D. All of the above “Prevention” aims to reduce disease frequency to acceptable levels; control, elimination, and eradication are related but distinct. 202 / 250 202. The four components of the Access Framework include the following EXCEPT: A. Affordability B. Quality Assurance C. Acceptability D. Availability The Access Framework components are Availability, Accessibility, Affordability, and Acceptability. Quality Assurance is not one of them. The Access Framework components are Availability, Accessibility, Affordability, and Acceptability. Quality Assurance is not one of them. 203 / 250 203. What is the main purpose of sentinel surveillance? A. For intervention of therapeutics B. To depict natural history of the disease C. Prevention of sentinel piles D. To find out the total number of cases Sentinel surveillance aims to estimate total disease burden by monitoring selected sites/cases. 204 / 250 204. Which of the following is not the features of community health nursing A. It is population focused. B. It emphasizes on wellness and other than disease or illness C. It involves inter-disciplinary collaboration Community health nursing promotes client responsibility and self-care; it does not inhibit it. 205 / 250 205. Which one among the following falls under the category of research development? A. Descriptive Research B. Philosophical Research C. Action Research D. All of the above Descriptive, philosophical, and action research all contribute to research development. 206 / 250 206. Which of the following is not a principle of primary health care accessibility? A. Availability B. Avoidability C. Acceptability D. Accessibility “Avoidability” is not a principle of PHC accessibility; availability, acceptability, accessibility, and affordability are. 207 / 250 207. Which of the following statement is incorrect regarding cholera vaccine? A. It is given at intervals of 6 months B. Long-lasting immunity C. Not useful in epidemics D. Not given orally Cholera vaccines offer short-term protection (months), not long-lasting immunity. 208 / 250 208. Plan that establishes a required method of handling future activities is called ___. A. rules. B. procedures. C. policy. D. methods. Procedures specify the required methods for carrying out future activities. 209 / 250 209. Research problem is feasible only when A. It has utility and relevance B. It is new and adds something to knowledge C. It is researchable D. All of the above Feasibility requires utility, novelty, and researchability. 210 / 250 210. __________ is an obligation to perform certain functions and achieve certain results. A. responsibility. B. decentralisation. C. centralisation. D. delegation. Responsibility is the duty to perform assigned tasks and deliver expected outcomes. 211 / 250 211. What is the process by which individuals pursue opportunities without regard to resources they currently control? A. Startup management B. Entrepreneurship C. Financial analysis D. Feasibility planning Entrepreneurship involves pursuing opportunities regardless of currently controlled resources. 212 / 250 212. The chain of command from the highest authority to the lowest level in the organization is _________. A. Unity of direction. B. Unity of command. C. Centralization. D. Scalar chain. Scalar chain refers to the clear line of authority from top to bottom in an organization. 213 / 250 213. Which type of business plan is intended as the blueprint of a company’s activities and is directed to an internal audience? A. Operational B. Full C. Summary D. Tactical An operational business plan details internal activities and processes for company execution. 214 / 250 214. ____________ is the harmonizing or synchronizing of individual efforts with the purpose of achieving group goals. A. coordination. B. control. C. decision making. D. delegation. Coordination aligns individual efforts to achieve collective organizational goals. 215 / 250 215. The aim of home visiting in domicilliary midwifery is to: A. to know the quality and quantity of water supply B. to check whether the home is overcrowded C. know how influential the family is D. know if the woman have imbecile child at home The aim is to assess home environment risks, such as presence of an imbecile (intellectually disabled) child. 216 / 250 216. Which of the following is not a type of research question? A. Predicting an outcome B. Evaluating a phenomenon C. Developing good practice D. A hypothesis A hypothesis is a testable statement, not a type of research question. 217 / 250 217. Which is the first-line antibiotic for cholera? A. Tetracycline B. Ciprofloxacine C. Albendazole D. Cotrimoxazole Tetracycline (or doxycycline) is the first-line antibiotic for cholera. 218 / 250 218. Management is the art of getting things done through and with an informally organized_____________. A. Harold Koontz. B. Terry. C. Louis Allan. D. Henry Fayol. Harold Koontz described management as “the art of getting things done through and with people in formally organized groups.” 219 / 250 219. ANOVA is_______________ A. A government body which collects social statistics. B. The name of a statistical software package. C. A one-way analysis of variance. D. A two-way analysis of variance. ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) is a statistical method comparing means across groups, often one-way. 220 / 250 220. A chronological sequence of steps to be undertaken to enforce a policy and to attain an objective is known as ___________. A. objective. B. strategies. C. procedures. D. rules. Procedures are step-by-step instructions for implementing policies and achieving objectives. 221 / 250 221. To achieve contraceptive security, programs must be able to: A. Forecast B. Finance C. Procure D. All of the above Forecasting, financing, and procurement are all essential capacities for achieving contraceptive security. Forecasting, financing, and procurement are all essential capacities for achieving contraceptive security. 222 / 250 222. Espirit de corps means___. A. Union is strength. B. Service is our motto. C. We are one. D. Product is our strength. Espirit de corps emphasizes unity, teamwork, and morale (“union is strength”). 223 / 250 223. What is the purpose of a case-control study? A. To determine the incidence of a disease in a population B. To determine the cause of a disease C. To determine the prevalence of a disease in a population D. To compare the characteristics of individuals with a disease to those without a disease Case-control studies compare exposures between cases (disease) and controls (no disease). 224 / 250 224. Patient Anya is observed to have some palmar pallor. This can be classified as ___________. A. No Anemia B. Malnutrition C. Severe Anemia D. Anemia Some palmar pallor indicates anemia (moderate), while severe palmar pallor indicates severe anemia. 225 / 250 225. What is the main cause of permanent disability and mortality among the following? A. Siderosis B. Byssinosis C. Silicosis D. Anthracosis Silicosis leads to progressive lung fibrosis, respiratory failure, and high mortality. 226 / 250 226. In routine worm treatment, every child should be given ALBENDAZOLE/MEBENDAZOLE every… A. 2 months from the age of one year B. 9 months from the age of one year C. 6 months from the age of one year D. weeks from the age of one year WHO recommends deworming every 6 months from age 1 year in endemic areas. 227 / 250 227. Which of the following is caused due to exposure to insecticides? A. Endocrine abnormalities B. Infertility and sterility C. Birth defects D. Lung cancer Insecticide exposure (e.g., organophosphates) is linked to lung cancer risk among other health effects. 228 / 250 228. If the woman forgets to take the pill, she should: A. Take one pill as soon as she remembers B. Wait until next day and take two pills C. Use another form of contraception for the remainder of the month D. A and B are correct If a combined oral contraceptive pill is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered (even if two are taken the same day) to maintain contraceptive efficacy. If a combined oral contraceptive pill is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered (even if two are taken the same day) to maintain contraceptive efficacy. 229 / 250 229. If pus is draining from the eye, what should the nurse do? A. Give the child aspirin B. Give Vitamin A C. Apply tetracycline D. Treat with gentian violet Topical tetracycline eye ointment is used for bacterial eye infection in measles. 230 / 250 230. The level at which an individual is viewed by society is called: A. Financial status B. Qualification C. Social status D. Achievement Social status reflects an individual’s societal standing based on factors like wealth, occupation, education. 231 / 250 231. How to judge the depth of any research? A. By research title B. By research duration C. By research objectives D. By total expenditure on research Research depth is gauged by the scope and specificity of its objectives. 232 / 250 232. Management is what a manager does. This as given by? A. Peter F. Drucker. B. Terry. C. Louis Allan. D. Henry Fayol. Louis Allan defined management as “what a manager does.” 233 / 250 233. A researcher is interested in studying the prospects of a particular political party in an urban area. So, what tool should he prefer for the study? A. Rating Scale B. Interview C. Questionnaire D. Schedule Questionnaires efficiently gather standardized data from a large urban population on political opinions. 234 / 250 234. How much chlorine will be available after fresh preparing of bleach? A. 50% B. 30% C. 33% D. 22.5% Fresh bleaching powder (chloride of lime) contains about 33% available chlorine. 235 / 250 235. If mouth ulcers are present, the nurse should _________________. A. Give the child aspirin B. Give Vitamin A C. Apply Tetracycline D. Treat with gentian violet Gentian violet is applied to mouth ulcers for antifungal/antibacterial effect. 236 / 250 236. On assessment, you noted coryza, reddish posterior palate, temperature of 37.6, nagging cough and respiratory rate of 47 breaths per minute. Using the assess the sick child chart, Elena can be classified under: A. Very severe disease B. Pneumonia C. Severe Pneumonia D. No Pneumonia Fast breathing without chest indrawing or danger signs = pneumonia classification. 237 / 250 237. On what basis can one formulate the assumptions? A. The cultural background of the country B. Universities C. Some specific characteristics of castes D. All of the above Assumptions are shaped by cultural context, societal norms, and background. 238 / 250 238. Which of the following is the sudden occurrence of disease in a community? A. Outbreak B. Pandemic C. Syndemic D. Synergistic An outbreak is a sudden increase in disease cases in a specific community or area. 239 / 250 239. All the following are the features of dimensions of the Community as a Client EXCEPT: A. Location B. A population C. A social system D. Family Family is a subunit within a community, not a dimension of the community itself. Family is a subunit within a community, not a dimension of the community itself. 240 / 250 240. Changes in monthly bleeding are common for women who use: A. IUD B. Depo-Provera C. Pill D. All the above IUDs, Depo-Provera injections, and combined oral contraceptives can all cause changes in menstrual bleeding patterns. IUDs, Depo-Provera injections, and combined oral contraceptives can all cause changes in menstrual bleeding patterns. 241 / 250 241. Which of these could be a proper treatment of anemia? A. vitamin A B. Give Iron and Albendazole/Albendazole if child 1 year or older C. Give Aspirin D. Increase fluid intake Iron supplementation and deworming (if ?1 year) are standard treatments for anemia. 242 / 250 242. Women who use the Standard Days Method must have cycles: A. Of any length. Cycle length is not related to the fertile days B. Between 26 and 32 days long (regular monthly bleeding) C. Lasting 28 days D. 26 to 30days Standard Days Method (using CycleBeads) requires regular menstrual cycles between 26 and 32 days. Standard Days Method (using CycleBeads) requires regular menstrual cycles between 26 and 32 days. 243 / 250 243. Occupational Health is entitled to which of the following? A. Community medicine B. Preventive medicine C. Clinical medicine D. All Occupational health falls under preventive medicine, focusing on disease prevention and health promotion. 244 / 250 244. In a cohort study, the risk ratio of developing diabetes was 0.86 when comparing consumers of tea (the exposed) to those who did not drink tea (the unexposed). Which one statement is correct? A. The tea drinkers have lower risk of developing diabetes. B. The tea drinkers have higher risk of developing diabetes. C. Based on the information given we cannot tell if the observed difference in disease risk is the result of chance. D. The risk ratio is close to the value one, so there is no difference in disease risk between the two groups. RR=0.86 suggests lower risk, but statistical significance (p-value/CI) is needed to rule out chance. 245 / 250 245. Strategic planning is ___________. A. long term planning. B. medium term planning. C. short term planning. D. annual planning. Strategic planning is long-range planning focused on defining organizational goals and strategies. 246 / 250 246. Which form of business organization combines the advantages of a partnership and a corporation? A. Sub-chapter corporation B. Limited partnership C. General partnership D. Sole proprietorship A limited partnership offers liability protection for limited partners while allowing general partners to manage. 247 / 250 247. What is the most common heavy metal poisoning globally? A. Mercury B. Siderosis & asbestosis C. Lead poisoning D. Cadmium poisoning Lead poisoning is the most common heavy metal poisoning globally, especially in children. 248 / 250 248. The chi-square test is: A. A mean B. A multi-question tests. C. A statistical mistake. D. A statistic Chi-square is a statistical test used for categorical data analysis. 249 / 250 249. Which of the following is excluded as the most dangerous lead compound? A. Lead oxide B. Lead sulphide C. Lead Arsenate D. Lead Carbonate Lead sulfide is less soluble and less toxic compared to other lead compounds like oxides, carbonates, or arsenates. 250 / 250 250. What is the tool for the community oriented case? A. Evaluation B. Survey C. Community study D. Community health nursing process Community health nursing process (assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation) is the systematic tool for community-oriented care. Hey, we need some data to send you your results. Full nameEmail Your score is Share this quiz with friends LinkedIn Facebook Twitter Follow A. A. 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