Maternal and Child Health Quiz 1

1. A mother stores breastmilk in a plastic bag at 25°C. What is the maximum safe storage time?

2. Which method is inappropriate for thawing stored breastmilk?

3. What is the best reason for a breastfeeding mother to learn manual expression?

4. A term baby with galactosemia requires which feeding plan?

5. Which statement reflects safe formula use?

6. A parent mixes formula powder at twice the recommended concentration. What is the greatest risk to the infant?

7. A nurse advises delaying formula introduction until lactation is established. This helps:

8. A mother chooses formula feeding because she’s unsure if her baby is getting enough milk. What should the nurse prioritize?

9. According to WHO, complementary feeding should begin:

10. Which mother should not be encouraged to breastfeed?

11. In the BFHI, rooming-in is promoted because it:

12. What is the most appropriate response to a mother who asks why early breastfeeding is emphasized?

13. Exclusive breastfeeding is defined as:

14. A baby has poor latch and ineffective suckling. What is the nurse’s priority action?

15. Which of the following best describes the principle of “supply and demand” in lactation?

16. A mother reports that she feels milk dripping during intimacy. What is the best explanation?

17. Which factor would most likely inhibit the let-down reflex during breastfeeding?

18. Which hormone stimulates milk production in the mother?

19. A baby is taking in less fluid during the first 48 hours. Which factor most contributes to this?

20. Why are newborns more vulnerable to dehydration than adults?

21. A newborn fed on formula is likely to receive:

22. Which situation most warrants clinical concern during neonatal weight loss monitoring?

23. A term newborn has lost 9% of birth weight by day 3. What should the nurse evaluate first?

24. During discharge, the nurse sees yellow crust over the circumcision site. The mother asks if she should clean it off. What’s the best reply?

25. A nurse notes that a baby with a PlastiBell ring has not voided 10 hours post-procedure. What should she advise the parent?

26. A mother asks why her baby received paracetamol after circumcision. The most accurate explanation is:

27. A nurse prepares a newborn for circumcision. Which of the following pre-op actions is most important for reducing procedural risk?

28. A nurse evaluates a newborn’s response to circumcision using the NIPS. Which parameter is most critical in scoring?

29. A baby circumcised with Gomco clamp shows bleeding despite jelly application. What should the nurse do immediately?

30. A nurse is counseling parents on circumcision methods. Which benefit of PlastiBell over Gomco should be emphasized?

31. A baby with ambiguous genitalia is scheduled for circumcision. What is the best clinical decision?

32. A mother objects to giving her baby to hospital staff without clear ID bands. What is the nurse’s ethical responsibility?

33. A nurse advocates for early skin-to-skin contact after delivery. Which evidence-based benefit best supports this practice?

34. You observe a mother cleaning her baby’s umbilical cord with alcohol and covering it tightly with gauze. What is the best response?

35. A newborn must receive a hepatitis B vaccine soon after birth. Which clinical reasoning justifies bathing the baby first?

36. During newborn teaching, a mother asks why her baby is wrapped in two warm blankets and wears a cap. The nurse should base the explanation on which physiological principle?

37. A midwife prepares to give a sponge bath to a preterm infant in a resource-limited setting. What is the most appropriate step to minimize thermal instability?

38. A newborn under a radiant warmer shows a drop in body temperature from 37.0?C to 36.2?C within 30 minutes. Which of the following should the nurse evaluate first?

39. The PlastiBell ring should fall off in:

40. Yellow crust on circumcision site means:

41. Parents should report if the circumcised baby fails to urinate after:

42. When should a baby be discharged post-circumcision?

43. After Gomco circumcision, what should be applied?

44. What is used to evaluate newborn pain?

45. Which non-pharmacological method reduces pain in newborns?

46. Which of the following is a pain relief method for circumcision?

47. What is essential before performing a circumcision?

48. Feeding is withheld for how many hours before circumcision?

49. Informed consent for circumcision must be obtained from:

50. Complications of circumcision may include:

51. What should NOT be applied on a PlastiBell circumcision site?

52. In the PlastiBell method:

53. Which is a contraindication to circumcision?

54. One major benefit of circumcision is:

55. Circumcision involves removal of the:

56. Infection prevention in the nursery includes:

57. Nurses prevent infant abduction primarily by:

58. Bonding is most critical during:

59. The best time to promote bonding is:

60. The process of developing emotional closeness with the newborn is:

61. When can the cord clamp be safely removed?

62. What is the correct care of the umbilical area?

63. A sign of cord infection includes:

64. A healthy umbilical cord typically falls off by:

65. When drying a newborn’s hair, combing is done to:

66. To prevent heat loss during sponge bath, where should the baby be placed?

67. Which bathing method is better for thermoregulation?

68. What is the major reason for early bathing of newborns?

69. What is the optimal bath water temperature for newborns?

70. When is newborn bathing ideally done?

71. After bathing, the newborn’s temperature should be rechecked within:

72. Overheating a newborn can lead to:

73. Which is not a method of heat loss in newborns?

74. Which method of heat loss involves air currents moving around the newborn?

75. Which mechanism do newborns use to generate heat?

76. Cold stress in newborns is dangerous because it:

77. Which of the following helps prevent heat loss via evaporation immediately after birth?

78. What is the ideal room temperature for newborns?

• 18–21°C
• 22–25°C
• 26–28°C
  Answer:B

79. Which of the following is a normal umbilical cord finding?

80. A female newborn with whitish discharge likely has:

81. A scrotum with no palpable testes may indicate:

82. Signs of respiratory distress in newborn include:

83. Normal newborn chest circumference is:

84. Natal teeth or oral epithelial pearls may be observed:

85. What ear placement may indicate chromosomal anomaly?

86. Visual focus of a newborn is best when objects are:

87. When cleaning a newborn’s eyes, always:

88. A key difference between caput succedaneum and cephalohematoma is:

89. Which movement is typical of a healthy newborn?

90. A positive Babinski reflex in a newborn is:

91. Absence of neonatal reflexes may indicate:

92. The rooting reflex is stimulated by:

93. Which reflex is characterized by arm extension in response to a sudden noise?

94. To prevent heat loss from radiation, the nurse should:

95. Cold stress in newborns leads to:

96. Which fat is responsible for heat production in newborns?

97. A major cause of neonatal heat loss immediately after birth is:

98. Which method of heat loss occurs when newborn is placed on a cold scale?

99. Clamping of the umbilical cord leads to:

100. Delayed closure of the ductus arteriosus after 24 hours can result in:

101. A lack of surfactant in preterm newborns may result in:

102. Which of these stimuli is not external in initiating respiration?

103. Which surfactant function is essential for lung expansion at birth?

104. The primary reason for administering eye prophylaxis to newborns is:

105. How are newborns’ ears cleaned?

106. What is not recommended during newborn bathing?

107. When discharging, which is NOT necessary to assess?

108. Most common cause of neonatal infections:

109. Mucus discharge from female genitalia is known as:

110. Sudden asymmetric mouth movement may suggest:

111. Vernix caseosa helps the newborn by:

112. Neonatal jaundice affecting the sclera for over 10 days suggests:

113. The sniffing position is used for:

114. What does asymmetrical gluteal fold indicate?

115. Cephalohematoma is different from caput because:

116. Lanugo is:

117. A single umbilical artery may suggest:

118. In male newborns, the urethral opening is:

119. Which is NOT part of the newborn screening?

120. Vitamin K is administered to newborns to prevent:

121. What is used to clean the umbilical cord stump?

122. Skin-to-skin contact is important for:

123. When should the first bath be delayed until?

124. Meconium is usually passed during which period?

125. What is the most reliable sign of pain in a newborn?

126. Which reflex is NOT a neonatal reflex?

127. The normal newborn’s head circumference is:

128. Caput succedaneum:

129. The transitional assessment involves all EXCEPT:

130. APGAR is assessed at:

131. An APGAR score of 2 for heart rate means:

132. The five parameters of APGAR include all EXCEPT:

133. Apnea in a newborn is defined as cessation of breathing for:

134. Newborns generate heat mostly through:

135. Which factor does not contribute to heat loss in a newborn?

136. Ductus venosus eventually becomes:

137. The foramen ovale functionally closes about how long after birth?

138. Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) leads to:

139. Which shunt closes first after birth?

140. The process of fluid being pushed out of the lungs during vaginal delivery is aided by:

141. What stimulus is NOT considered an external stimulus for respiration?

142. What chemical change stimulates the newborn to breathe after cord clamping?

143. Newborns are obligate:

144. The most immature sense at birth is:

145. Molding of the head occurs due to:

146. Which of the following is TRUE about the newborn’s respiratory system?

147. The anterior fontanelle usually closes by:

• 6–8 weeks
• 3 months
• 12–18 months
• 2 years
  Answer:C

148. In newborns, brown adipose tissue generates heat through:

149. A normal newborn measures approximately ___ from crown to heel.

150. What is the average birth weight of a normal term newborn?